Past Issues

The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between the design factor and the sensitivity in web site. The classification of sensitivity-types consists of the research of books and the survey, and the language specialist`s review and the analysis of factor. The research of the Image Scale accomplished through the analysis of the result of sensitivity-types. The major findings of the analysis are summarized as follows. The webpage sensitivity-types are classified into the 7 types, namely `refreshment`, `calm`, `refinement`, `strongness`, `youth`, `uniqueness`, `futurity`. As a result of analyzing of similarity between the adjectives by multiple standards, the web site Image Scale space consists of the axis between `heavy-light` and `soft-hard`. As a result of the research of relationship between the web site design factor and the emotion, the color and the layout influenced into `soft-hard` much, and the light and the color influenced into `heavy-light` much.

keyword : 감성디자인, 웹 인터페이스, 사용자 감성, 감성척도, Emotion Design, Web Interface, User`s Emotion, Image Scale

The purpose of this study was, first, to extract the risk factor by investigating several cases of accident of senile dementia patient at home, and second, based on these results to provide basic information for the determination of monitoring factor for the care of senile dementia patient. Basic and behavioral characteristics, Short form of Samsung Dementia Questionnaire (S-SDQ), Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and cases of accident were investigated with 55 senile dementia patient at home (16 male, 39 female). Based on these questionnaires, risk factors were extracted and frequency, cooccurrence frequency, and occurring place of risk factors, presence or not, region, and degree of injury were investigated. Frequency between risk factors and behavioral characteristics, ADL, and S-SDQ was analyzed by crosstabulation frequency analysis. Results showed that 12 risk factors were extracted, and the frequency of `going out` was the highest, and risk factors for injury were `tumble`, `bump`, `slip`, and `fall`. Cooccurrence frequency analysis showed that the occurrence of `fall`, `going out`, `fire of gas`, and `violence` with other factors was relatively higher than others. The occurring place of risk factor was the highest in home neighborhood, and the region of injury in knee, and the degree of injury with bruise. Crosstabulation frequency analysis showed that factors which had difference in frequency of risk factor were behavioral disorder, disorder of daily living and ADL. Factor which had difference in frequency due to the degree of behavioral disorder and disorder of daily living was `going out`, and factors which had difference in frequency due to the degree of ADL were `slip` and `fire of gas`.

keyword : 위험요소, 재가치매노인, 사고사례, risk factor, senile dementia patient at home, accidental cases

Recently emotional relationships between industrial products and user experience are getting more attention than ever. However, current user interface design has focused just on the mechanical and logical aspects. This research proposed a new approach to improve user`s emotional experience to interface design and introduced storytelling as a new possibility. Four types of user interface - logical interface, picture added interface, storytelling-applied interface, and storytelling-applied interface with a story script - were used for this research. Eighty college students participated in this research. Each participant was randomly assigned to one of four types of user interfaces. Additionally, their individual differences in affect intensity were measured. The results show that users reported more emotional experience in the storytelling-applied interface and storytelling-applied interface with a story script than the logical interface and just picture added interface. The results also suggest that the higher satisfaction was experienced for the storytelling-applied interface. And all those results are differentiated by the users` affect intensity. The users who have higher affect intensity expressed heavier emotional experience and deeper satisfaction for the storytelling-applied interface.

keyword : 감성, 스토리텔링, 휴대폰, 인터페이스, 감성강도, 사용성, 디자인, measuring user`s emotions, self-report questionnaire-type scale, cellular phone, usability, emotion

This study investigates differential impacts of the positive and negative content and the interaction with pacing, as a structural feature, on information processing while watching televised video clips with moderately intensive emotional tone. College participants watched six positive messages and six negative video clips lasting approximately 60 seconds. Heart rate was used to index attention and skin conductance was used to measure arousal. After all of the stimuli were shown, the participants performed the free recall questionnaire. The result demonstrates, first, positivity superiority on attention in which participants` heart rates were slower during positive content compared to during negative content. Secondly, negativity superiority was shown on free recall memory as participants remembered positive content better than did negative content. The result also manifests the interaction of emotional valence and pacing as the effects of pacing were less for the negatively emotional content compared to those for the positively emotional content. It is suggested that future studies should examine further about the differential and independent functions of positive and negative contents on information processing and the potential interaction with formal features.

keyword : 감성 유인가, 편집속도, 주의, 기억, 각성, 생리적 반응, emotional valence, pacing, arousal, attention, free recall

Categorization in a vital means for dealing with the multitudes of entities in the world surrounding people. Among others, the perceptual and the evaluative similarities factors strongly affect categorization. The conventional SD-type procedure are insufficient in this regard, since it requires an individual subject to make isolated judgments about each stimulus to identify categorization in terms of a group tendency. It disregards the individual categorization in which the similarities are of great importance. Thus in this study the phased emotional evaluation method is suggested based on the intuitive categorization of stimuli and on the similarity judgement of representative/non-representative case in each category. To verify the effectiveness of the suggested evaluation method the scanned jewelry images are selected as test stimuli for emotional evaluation experiment. As a result of the evaluation experiment, the conventional SD-type procedure is complemented by the emotional evaluation method in phases of the task of intuitive categorization, the selection of the representative images and the setup of the evaluation score of the representative images to internally supplied anchors of evaluating non-representative images.

keyword : 프로토타입 이론, 범주화, 평가조정기구, 인터렉티브 감성평가, Prototype Theory, Categorization, Anchoring Adjustment, Interactive Emotion Evaluation

Previous research has mainly investigated the characteristics of expertise by using typical and routine tasks. This research to overcome these limitations included non-routine task situations and observed expert and novice pilots` situation awareness (SA) performance in routine and non-routine situations. Additionally, whether the ability to aware or perceive the environmental information in limited time varies with the level of expertise was tested. To this end, 2 * 2 * 2 mixed factorial design was employed, including expertise (novice/expert) as a between-subjects variable and normality of fight situation (routine/non-routine) and stimulus display time (long/short) as within-subjects variables. As results, there was no performance difference in routine situations between experts and novices, while experts significantly outperformed novices in non-routine situations. When the display time became shorter, overall SA accuracy was decreased for both experts and novices, whereas experts` performance remained significantly higher than novices in short and long conditions. When we examined the interaction between the normality of fight situation and stimulus display time, there was no difference between experts and novices in routine situations for both short and long conditions. In non-routine situations, however, experts` SA accuracy was significantly higher than novices both in short and long conditions. Overall, non-routineness of flight situation does not have any impact on SA performance of experts, while it has a critical impact on SA performance of novices.

keyword : 조종사, 적응적 전문성, 전문가, 초보자, 상황인식, pilot, adaptive expertise, expert, novice, situation awareness

This study aims to characterize the sensibility image and interaction effect of striped necktie according to same-tone coordination and 1:2:3 area-ratio variation on the gender. The experimental materials developed for this study are a set of stimuli and response scales. The stimuli consist of 56 color pictures manipulated with every combination of 4 different colors, 2 different tones and 7 different area-ratio. The 7-point scale designed for visual evaluation of sensibility image included 26 bipolar adjectives. The subjects were 1344 undergraduate students in Gyeongnam, Seoul, Busan, and Daegu areas. The results of this study were as follows. The analyses of sensibility images in terms of same-tone coordination and 1:2:3 area-ratio variation of stripe necktie reveal that the concerned factors are of five characteristic dimensions of attractiveness, youth-activity, appeal, ability, and warmness. In the 5 factors of sensibility image, color combination and tone showed independent effect. In addition, significant interaction effects of area-ratio and tone on appeal and ability were found. Interaction effects of gender and area-ratio on youth-activity were found. Interaction effects of gender and tone on warmness were found. Interaction effects of color combination and tone on appeal and warmness were found. The study results are highly expected to be used as useful sources in developing men`s coordination.

keyword : 스트라이프 패턴의 넥타이, 동일색조 코디네이션, 면적비, 감성이미지, 상호작용효과, necktie of striped pattern, same-tone coordination, area-ratio, sensibility image, interaction effect

A comfort evaluation of car seat clothing has been proposed for high comforts interior seat clothing. Car seat covers have received wide spread attention due to their man-machine interface working. And then, it will be necessary for measurements on delicate basic mechanical-properties, which closely relate with human touch feeling of its materials. In this research, we have utilized KES-FB(R)(Kawabata Evaluation System) series, ST300(R) analogue softness tester and friction tester for measurement a physical properties. In order to consider both kansei and physical properties on interior seat covers, we firstly have established subjective words of judgement for the seat covers. Secondly, related them to the objective measurement of physical properties. Each kansei-language has clearly defined as `Softness`, `Elasticity`, `Volume` and `Stickiness` for the adjectives of leather car seat covers. These technical terms have correlated to physical properties in other words, h (mm), bending moment (gf*cm/cm), To-Tm (mm) and μ. At this time, fuzzy logic has utilized to predict the value of kansei language through physical values. On the basis of this result, finally it is possible to predict quality index of car seat covers using neural networks technique. In short, we develop a quality evaluation system of car seat clothing combining four physical quantities with kansei engineering.

keyword : 감성 평가, 부드러움, 탱글탱글함, 푹신함, 끈끈한 정도, 퍼지 로직, 뉴럴 네트워크, Softness, Elasticity, Volume, Stickiness, Fuzzy Logic, neural network

Recently, there is a tendency of consumer`s participation gradually increasing in the design shaping process. Consumers make evaluation or suggestion about the shape of the product, and the industries lay out schemes to elicit consumers` participation. However, when it comes to dealing with the shape of the product, consumer and designer has a fundamental difference in their point of view, and it works as interruption to the efficient communication between the consumer and designer. Therefore, this study will examine the difference of consumer`s and designer`s view of products` shape, and the guidelines of effective molding which elicit the consumers` affective responses. First, I established the sensible image vocabulary based on the shape of the product. And based on the vocabulary, I carried out the same experiments to the consumers and designers. As a result, the affective responses of the two groups toward the shape have similar characteristics and designers` reactions found out to be more dramatic than consumers.

keyword : 소비자, 조형 언어, 감성적 인지, consumer, formative Language, emotional recognition

In the process of product design, shaping is the process of making a substantive existence, and ultimately it generates the outcome. The process of shaping is generally led by designer`s initiative work, and in this process, various formative elements are used to generate the outcome. In this research, the basic purposes are to figure out the differences of elements which generated by the differences of consumer`s and designer`s view in the process of shaping of the product, and the characteristics of the affective responses caused by those differences. Also, it will examine how the consumers can directly participate in the process of the shaping of the consumer-participated product, and the feasible guidelines of design in which consumers` needs can be reflected more efficiently to the process of shaping. As a result, consumers and designers have certain degree of difference of view-point about the formative element of the shape. The difference was due to subjective common ideas of design in case of designers, and in case of consumers, it was due to their immature visual understanding. There is another experiment of affective response about the shape of the product. First, I established the sensible image vocabulary based on the shape of the product. And based on the vocabulary, I carried out the same experiments to the consumers and designers.

keyword : 디자인, 조형요소, 디자이너와 소비자, 인지, design, formative element, designer and consumer, cognitive