| Abstract |
| The rod-and-frame illusion and the tilt illusion are related to orientation perception but differ in their characteristics. A single orientation cue from an inducing stimulus causes the tilt illusion, whereas multiple orientation cues constitute the rod-and-frame illusion. This study conducted two experiments to investigate the effects of a component line’s orientations and overall orientation on the rod-and-frame illusion. In Experiment 1, square and rectangular frames were used to examine the influence of the frame’s length ratio on the rod-and-frame illusion. In Experiment 2, the frame’s shape was altered (e.g., by changing the distance between the short segment of the frame and the rod) to determine whether the tendencies observed in Experiment 1 remained consistent. The results demonstrated that the rod’s orientation in wide frames was consistently perceived as opposite to the frame’s rotation regardless of the frame’s shape. In square and narrow frames, the rod’s orientation was generally perceived as opposite to the frame’s rotation, but a tendency to perceive the rod’s orientation as being drawn toward the frame’s tilt was also observed. The interpretation of the frame’s orientation can explain perceptual differences based on the frame’s length ratio. These findings imply that the rod-and-frame illusion results from the combined effects of the tilt illusion caused by the frame’s component orientations and the influence of the overall frame orientation. |
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| Key Words |
| 시지각, 막대-틀 착시, 기울기 착시, 형태, 방위, Visual Perception, Rod-and-Frame Illusion, Tilt Illusion, Shape, Orientation |
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