Past Issues

Bags have evolved beyond mere containers for personal belongings into spatial sculptural objects that fulfill conspicuous desires. With the rapid expansion of the female consumer base in their 20s, this study aims to quantitatively analyze the contribution of luxury bag design to their emotional responses. Correlations between luxury bag design and emotional responses were measured using Quantification Theory Types III and I using 50 bag images collected from the official websites of Gucci, Dior, Chanel, Louis Vuitton, and Hermes, along with 21 emotional descriptors. The analysis applying Quantification Theory Type III revealed that the emotional response space for currently available luxury bags is structured around two axes: “fancy” and “casual.” Bags preferred by women in their 20s tend to lie primarily ons the negative side of the y-axis, corresponding to a “formal” emotional space. By contrast, bags positioned on the positive side of the y-axis (the “casual” emotional space) showed a lower preference. Furthermore, using Quantification Theory Type I, we found that the independent variable “bag material” exerted a significant influence on achieving a “formal” impression. This study provides objective data on the market for women in their 20s by conducting a quantitative analysis of their emotional responses to luxury bag design.

keyword : 감성정보, 감성반응, 명품 가방, 20대 여성 대학생, 이미지맵, Emotional Informaton, Emotional Response, Luxury Bags, Female College Student in Their 20s, Image Map

With the increase in solo and at-home drinking due to the pandemic and the growing interest in premium alcohol, online alcohol purchasing and pickup services have experienced significant growth. Consequently, user experience (UX) differentiation has become a key competitive factor in digital marketing channels, such as online alcohol purchasing apps. In this context, this study analyzes how a UX design project within a design thinking-based digital marketing education program improves the online alcohol purchasing experience of the Dailyshot app. The project followed a step-by-step approach based on a design thinking-driven digital marketing process and was conducted as a hands-on course activity. In the “Discover” and “Define” phases, desk research analyzed alcohol market trends and consumer behaviors, while user research (including usability testing, app review analysis, and in-depth interviews) identified user needs. The analysis revealed two key findings: (1) a rising demand for an “Alcohol Beginner’s Guide,” driven by an increase in novice drinkers in the aftermath of the pandemic, and (2) the role of alcohol in sharing preferences and fostering social interactions beyond mere consumption. Based on these findings, the “Develop” phase highlighted the need for the following UX improvements: enhanced personalized recommendations, simplified navigation, and increased community interaction. These enhancements aim to transform the Dailyshot app from a basic alcohol pickup service into a platform for personalized alcohol exploration and a differentiated purchasing experience. This study highlights the effectiveness of a design thinking-based digital marketing process in UX improvement and demonstrates its role in enhancing students’ practical UX skills.

keyword : 디자인씽킹, 디지털마케팅 교육, 사용자경험 디자인, 온라인 주류 서비스, 데일리샷 앱, Design Thinking, Digital Marketing Education, UX Design, Online Alcohol Service, Dailyshot App

This study aims to develop a novel interface technology based on the pupillary light reflex (PLR) using visual stimuli incorporating dynamic brightness changes. Ten types of visual stimuli featuring variations in luminance between 0 and 255 were designed. Pupil size changes were measured and analyzed through a task in which subjects focused on the visual stimuli for 3 seconds. One trial was defined as the presentation of all ten visual stimuli in a random order. The experiment consisted of 12 trials, with each visual stimulus presented 120 times in total. Among five deep learning-based sequence models, the temporal convolutional network exhibited the highest performance across ten subjects, achieving a classification accuracy of 94.01 ± 3.94% and an information transfer rate of 56.64 ± 6.01 bits/min. The PLR-based interface is an intuitive system that does not require user training. Its high scalability, facilitated by the development of diverse visual stimulus patterns, makes it a promising technology for future applications.

keyword : 동공 반응, 동공 빛 반사, 인간-컴퓨터 상호작용, 사용자 인터페이스, 시각 자극, Pupillary Response, Pupillary Light Reflex (PLR), Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), User Interface (UI), Visual Stimulus

This study analyzes the differences between Khanbok and Hanfu by examining their historical significance, variations in the fastening direction of the Jeogori, and traditions related to pleated skirts, waist belts, and hats. This study performs a literature review of ancient clothing, incorporates excavation data, and collects data on historical garments, related records, previous research papers, and books on clothing history. Additionally, a survey of museum artifacts is conducted using visual materials. The findings on the origins of Khanbok based on the literature review are as follows. First, Khanbok maintained a left-over-right closure style until the Goguryeo period, a characteristic unique to people who ride horses. Additionally, bronze buttons, which were found exclusively in Korea during this period, were a distinctive feature of Khanbok. Second, the ‘Sin offering’ tradition of wearing white belts among men during the Three Kingdoms period persisted throughout subsequent generations. Historical records show that envoys in Goguryeo and individuals from Japan’s Asuka and Nara periods also wore white belts. Third, Khanbok’s pleated skirts featured a wide and voluminous silhouette. In contrast, garments worn by noble families during the Han and Song Dynasties were slim-fitting and lacked volume. Fourth, Khanbok is characterized by a variety of hats, which seems to have originated from the Dangun tradition of wearing hat with braid hair. In summary, Khanbok embodies a cultural heritage inherited and developed since ancient times, reflecting the aesthetic orientation and social identity of Koreans.

keyword : 한복, 흰 허리대, 주름, 청동 장식단추, 관모, Khanbok, White belt, Pleats, Bronze buttons, Various hats

Developing along with smartphones, car-sharing services have been combined with new technologies to attract more users. To promote the use of the service, understanding users’ emotions is crucial. Although research on emotions in relation to cars has been conducted, the majority of studies on car-sharing services primarily focus on transportation policies and industrial engineering. To provide user-friendly experiences and promote car sharing services, understanding the relevant emotions is necessary. Therefore, the current study aims to explore the vocabulary used to express emotions regarding car-sharing services and extract representative emotions. First, data on car-sharing services and emotions were collected through a literature review. A vocabulary on emotions was then constructed based on the related literature, and expert reviews were conducted to organize the vocabulary suitable for exploring emotions regarding vehicle-sharing services. Finally, a survey was conducted. Six representative emotions related to car-sharing services were derived through a factor analysis on the results were innovation, practicality, inconvenience, loyalty, enjoyment, and flexibility. This study fills gap in current literature by deriving a vocabulary and identifying representative emotions for measuring and comparing emotions felt or expected by users while using car-sharing services. In addition, the study is hopeful that future studies could produce specific questionnaires for measuring this based on representative emotions.

keyword : 감성, 감성어휘, 만족도, 차량공유서비스, Car-Sharing Service, Emotion, Emotional Vocabulary, Satisfaction

This study explores the emotional differences experienced by individuals with a growth mindset (believing that intelligence and abilities can develop through effort) versus those with a fixed mindset (believing that intelligence and abilities are difficult to change through effort). While previous research has indicated that individuals with a growth mindset tend to be happier than those with a fixed mindset, little is known about the specific positive emotions experienced by growth-mindset individuals and the negative emotions experienced by fixed-mindset individuals. To address this gap, this study examined the differences in emotions experienced by individuals with growth and fixed mindsets. A total of 880 adults in their 20s participated, with their mindsets measured and the frequency of emotions they experienced assessed using the PANAS-X scale. The results revealed that individuals with a growth mindset frequently experienced three emotions: relaxation, timidity, and anger. Conversely, individuals with a fixed mindset frequently experienced seven emotions: astonishment, irritability, loneliness, sheepishness, blameworthiness, loathing, and dissatisfaction with self. This study provides empirical evidence that beliefs about the potential for intelligence and abilities to improve through effort can significantly influence the types of emotions people regularly experience. It holds value as one of the few studies to empirically validate this link and is expected to contribute insights to related fields such as growth mindset, motivation, and achievement.

keyword : 고정 마인드셋, 성장 마인드셋, 부정 감정, 중립감정, PANAS-X, 긍정 감정, Fixed Mindset, Growth Mindset, Negative Emotion, Neutral Emotion, Positive Emotion

A tilt illusion occurs when the perceived orientation of a central stimulus is distorted by the orientation of a surrounding stimulus. This study examined how chromatic (hue) and brightness contrast information influence tilt illusion by controlling brightness and saturation across various colors. In Experiment 1, chromatic and achromatic contrast gratings were used as stimuli, whereas Experiment 2 employed equiluminant chromatic gratings. The results showed that for chromatic stimuli, the tilt illusion was stronger when the central and surrounding stimuli shared the same hue, regardless of the wavelength, opponent hue, or brightness contrast. This hue similarity effect was not observed with achromatic stimuli. Moreover, the overall strength of the tilt illusion was reduced with equiluminant stimuli in Experiment 2 compared to contrast stimuli in Experiment 1. These results suggest that similar stimuli can influence tilt illusion independently of hue and brightness contrast. They also highlight the importance of processing individual attributes such as hue and brightness and the integration of these attributes into orientation perception.

keyword : 방위 지각, 기울기 착시, 색, 밝기, 유사성, Orientation Perception, Tilt Illusion, Color, Brightness, Similarity

This study examines how depression in college students fosters pessimism, negatively influencing academic motivation, and explores whether social support moderates this relationship. A total of 329 undergraduate students completed a questionnaire assessing depression, pessimism, academic promotion motivation, academic prevention motivation, and social support. The main findings of this study are as follows: First, correlation analysis revealed that depression and pessimism predicted lower promotion and higher prevention motivation, whereas higher social support predicted higher promotion and lower prevention motivation. Second, mediation analysis indicated that pessimism mediated the negative relationship between depression and promotion motivation, and the positive relationship between depression and prevention motivation. Third, moderation analysis revealed that social support did not moderate the relationship between depression and promotion motivation but moderated the relationship between depression and prevention motivation. Fourth, moderated mediation analysis demonstrated that social support did not moderate the path from pessimism derived from depression to promotion motivation. However, it moderates the path from pessimism to prevention motivation. These findings confirm that depression, which is commonly experienced by many college students, negatively impacts academic performance at both cognitive and motivational levels. Additionally, the findings clarify the specific role of social support, a key factor in predicting an individual’s mental health, in mitigating these effects.

keyword : 대학생 우울, 비관주의, 접근동기, 회피동기, 사회적 지지, Depression, Pessimism, Promotion, Prevention, Social Support

This study explored the direction of curriculum improvement based on core competencies established by universities by linking them with the Korea National Survey of Student Engagement (K-NSSE) and analyzing the distribution of core competencies across Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) areas (focused improvement, gradual improvement, maintenance, reinforcement, continuous maintenance). To achieve this, students at D University were asked to complete the DEU Core Competency Diagnostic Scale (DEU-CCDS) and the K-NSSE. The result showed a significant overall relationship between the core competency levels of students at D University and their undergraduate education status levels. Furthermore, an analysis of the core competencies and components distributed across the improvement areas through IPA analysis revealed that most core competencies and components were located in the maintenance area (maintenance and reinforcement, continuous maintenance) among the IPA areas. However, challenge-achievement competency was primarily situated in the improvement area (focused improvement). These findings suggest that improving the challenge-achievement competency-based curriculum and non-curricular education is necessary to maintain the quality level of D University’s core competency-based curriculum.

keyword : 학부교육 실태조사, 핵심역량, DEU-CCDS, K-NSSE, IPA, Korea National Survey of Student Engagement, Core Competency

The rod-and-frame illusion and the tilt illusion are related to orientation perception but differ in their characteristics. A single orientation cue from an inducing stimulus causes the tilt illusion, whereas multiple orientation cues constitute the rod-and-frame illusion. This study conducted two experiments to investigate the effects of a component line’s orientations and overall orientation on the rod-and-frame illusion. In Experiment 1, square and rectangular frames were used to examine the influence of the frame’s length ratio on the rod-and-frame illusion. In Experiment 2, the frame’s shape was altered (e.g., by changing the distance between the short segment of the frame and the rod) to determine whether the tendencies observed in Experiment 1 remained consistent. The results demonstrated that the rod’s orientation in wide frames was consistently perceived as opposite to the frame’s rotation regardless of the frame’s shape. In square and narrow frames, the rod’s orientation was generally perceived as opposite to the frame’s rotation, but a tendency to perceive the rod’s orientation as being drawn toward the frame’s tilt was also observed. The interpretation of the frame’s orientation can explain perceptual differences based on the frame’s length ratio. These findings imply that the rod-and-frame illusion results from the combined effects of the tilt illusion caused by the frame’s component orientations and the influence of the overall frame orientation.

keyword : 시지각, 막대-틀 착시, 기울기 착시, 형태, 방위, Visual Perception, Rod-and-Frame Illusion, Tilt Illusion, Shape, Orientation