ㆍ
Effects of injection route, volume and concentration of mannitol on blood-brain barrier disruption
|
차명훈 Myeoung Hoon Cha , 이규홍 Kyu Hong Lee , 이철현 Chul Hyun Lee , 정명애 Myung Ae Chung , 손진훈 Jin Hun Sohn , 정재준 Chae Joon Cheong , 이배환 Bae Hwan Lee |
KJSES 11(4) 565-573, 2008 |
ABSTRACT
Functions of human brain including sensibility and emotion may be affected by drugs mediated by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The present study was performed to evaluate whether injection route, volume and concentration of mannitol could alter the degree of disruption of the BBB. Under urethane anesthesia, female Sprague-Dawley rats were infused with 20% mannitol into the right internal carotid artery (ICA). In the other group, intravenous injection of mannitol through the femoral vein was performed. Evans blue (EB) dye was used as a marker of BBB disruption. When mannitol was injected via the ICA, the content of EB dye in the ipsilateral hemisphere was markedly increased. However, the content of EB in the brain was not increased when mannitol was injected via the femoral vein, even though the volume or concentration of mannitol was increased. These results suggest that the BBB was disrupted only through ICA injection route and this may provide a useful strategy for transient opening of the BBB to control the functions of human brain.
keyword : 혈-뇌 장벽, 만니톨, 백서, Blood-brain barrier, mannitol, Evans blue, rat
|
|
Full Text
|
| PDF
|
|
ㆍ
The Influence of Altering Mobile Phone Interface on the Generation of Mental Model
|
박예진 Ye Jin Park , 김돈한 Don Han Kim |
KJSES 11(4) 575-588, 2008 |
ABSTRACT
This study is to inquire respective patterns of mental models caused by wrongful usages which can be experienced when a user who is used to a keypad-based mobile phone starts using a touch screen mobile phone and to find out the features of the user`s logical process of correcting such wrongful usages to a new mental model. In addition, design improvement to be considered for easy generation of the mental model regarding touch screen mobile phones was reviewed in this study. We set up test subjects for the most frequently used seven high priority functions among touch screen phone functions and carried out the subject assessment together with interview surveys after the video observation experiment. Our test results show that test subjects who were used to keypad-based mobile phones tend to use operation knowledge related to the computer operational system(Window) or the web browser navigation including Tap or Double Tap in order to correct the mental model when a wrongful usage is made. In addition, the result of comparison and analysis of the subject assessment and the video observation experiment data shows that wrongful usages of touch screen mobile phones mostly occurred in the field of `information feedback` and `navigation` among mobile phone components.
keyword : 터치스크린 모바일 폰, 멘탈모델, 인터페이스, 인터랙션, Touchscreen Mobile Phone, Mental Model, Interface, Interaction
|
|
Full Text
|
| PDF
|
|
ㆍ
Emotion of People with Visual Disability for Enhancing Web Accessibility
|
박주현 Joo Hyun Park , 류한영 Han Young Ryoo |
KJSES 11(4) 589-598, 2008 |
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to compare the emotional responses of people with visual disability with those of normal people and to understand their similarity or differences in order to apply the new understandings into the future research on Web Accessibility Guidelines. For this purpose, a Web survey system was developed using 15 auditorial stimuli prepared based on the Media Taxonomy and 11 emotion measuring criteria selected from the literature review. After developing the system, emotional responses of 31 people with visual disability and 53 normal people were collected through the Web. The results of the survey showed that the emotional responses of people with visual disability were similar to those of normal people, although there were some exceptional cases. Therefore, it is clear that emotional needs of people with disability should be taken count of in the Web accessibility discussions and further in-depth studies on the emotional characteristics of people with disability are necessary.
keyword : 웹 접근성, 시각장애인, 감성, Web Accessibility, Visual Disability, Emotion
|
|
Full Text
|
| PDF
|
|
ㆍ
A study of the influence of investment tendency on the color marketing of securities company`s brand
|
이상훈 Sang Hoon Lee , 김준교 Jun Kyo Kim |
KJSES 11(4) 599-611, 2008 |
ABSTRACT
Today, communication trend of financial brand has changed fast with more foreign financial brand`s introduction, emerging financial brands through the openness. With the trend of changing, companies are introducing various marketing methods to differentiate its brand image. And color marketing becomes an important tool for the differentiation. However, except a few brands, brand color which expresses management character of a company is different from the customer`s preferred color which is based on investors` investment tendency. This may be related to the brand image which is final goal of communication. Therefore, this study suggests effective communication method between company and customers by analyzing preferred color of customers by their investment tendency and comparison analysis security firms` color marketing strategy. As a result, it was found that Roland Barthes symbolic meaning of colors is different from the symbolic meaning of the groups of investor tendency. For example, I assumed that aggressive investors preferred strong color like red or orange, but the survey result was far from my assumption. I hope this study can be a good foundation for logical and scientific marketing in communication between security companies and customers in more open market with introduction to the Capital Market Consolidation Act.
keyword : 투자자, 투자성향, 증권, 컬러마케팅, investor, investment propensity, stock, color marketing
|
|
Full Text
|
| PDF
|
|
ㆍ
Difference in reading facial expressions as the empathy-systemizing type -focusing on emotional recognition and emotional discrimination-
|
태은주 Eun Ju Tae , 조경자 Kyung Ja Cho , 박수진 Soo Jin Park , 한광희 Kwang Hee Han , 김혜리 Hei Rhee Ghim |
KJSES 11(4) 613-628, 2008 |
ABSTRACT
Mind reading is an essential part of normal social functioning and empathy plays a key role in social understanding. This study investigated how individual differences can have an effect on reading emotions in facial expressions, focusing on empathizing and systemizing. Two experiments were conducted. In study 1, participants performed emotion recognition test using facial expressions to investigate how emotion recognition can be different as empathy-systemizing type, facial areas, and emotion type. Study 2 examined how emotion recognition can be different as empathy-systemizing type, facial areas, and emotion type. An emotion discrimination test was used instead, with every other condition the same as in studies 1. Results from study 2 showed mostly same results as study 1: there were significant differences among facial areas and emotion type and also have an interaction effect between facial areas and emotion type. On the other hand, there was an interaction effect between empathy-systemizing type and emotion type in study 2. That is, how much people empathize and systemize can make difference in emotional discrimination. These results suggested that the empathy-systemizing type was more appropriate to explain emotion discrimination than emotion recognition.
keyword : 공감하기, 체계화하기, 얼굴표정, 정서인식, 정서변별, Empathizing, Systemizing, Facial expression, Emotion recognition, Emotion discrimination
|
|
Full Text
|
| PDF
|
|
ㆍ
The Behavioral Patterns of Neutral Affective State for Service Robot Using Video Ethnography
|
송현수 Hyun Soo Song , 김민중 Min Joong Kim , 정상훈 Sang Hoon Jeong , 석현정 Hyeon Jeong Suk , 권동수 Dong Soo Kwon , 김명석 Myung Suk Kim |
KJSES 11(4) 629-636, 2008 |
ABSTRACT
In recent years, a large number of robots have been developed in several countries, and these robots have been built for the purpose to appeal to users by well designed human-robot interaction. In case of the robots developed so far, they show proper reactions only when there is a certain input. On the other hands, they cannot perform in a standby mode which means there is no input. In other words, if a robot does not make any motion in standby mode, users may feel that the robot is being turned-off or even out of work. Especially, the social service robots maintain the standby status after finishing a certain task. In this period of time, if the robots can make human-like behavioral patterns such like a person in help desk, then they are expected to make people feels that they are alive and is more likely to interact with them. It is said that even if there is no interaction with others or the environment, people normally reacts to internal or external stimuli which are created by themselves such as moving their eyes or bodies. In order to create robotic behavioral patterns for standby mode, we analyze the actual facial expression and behavior from people who are in neutral affective emotion based on ethnographic methodology and apply extracted characteristics to our robots. Moreover, by using the robots which can show those series of expression and action, our research needs to find that people can feel like they are alive.
keyword : 행동패턴, 무감정상태, 서비스 로봇, 대기상태, behavioral pattern, neutral affective state, service robot, standby mode
|
|
Full Text
|
| PDF
|
|
ㆍ
The study on emotion recognition by time-dependent parameters of autonomic nervous response
|
김종화 Jong Hwa Kim , 황민철 Min Cheol Whang , 김영주 Young Joo Kim , 우진철 Jin Cheol Woo |
KJSES 11(4) 637-643, 2008 |
ABSTRACT
Human emotion has been tried to be recognized by physiological measurements developing emotion machine enabling to understand and react to user`s emotion. This study is find the time-dependent physiological measurements and their variation characteristics for discriminating emotions according to dimensional emotion model. Ten university students were asked to watch sixteen prepared images to evoke different emotions. Their subjective emotions and autonomic nervous responses such as ECG (electrocardiogram), PPG (photoplethysmogram), GSR (Galvanic skin response), RSP (respiration), and SKT(skin temperature) were measured during experiment. And these responses were analyzed into HR(Heart Rate), Respiration Rate, GSR amplitude average, SKT amplitude average, PPG amplitude, and PTT(Pulse Transition Time). TDPs(Time dependent parameters) defined as the delay, the activation, the half recovery and the full recovery of respective physiological signal in this study have been determined and statistically compared between variations from different emotions. The significant tendencies in TDP were shown between emotions. Therefore, TDP may provide useful measurements with emotion recognition.
keyword : Emotion, Psychophysiological response, PPG, GSR, SKT
|
|
Full Text
|
| PDF
|
|
ㆍ
Innovative Inclusive Design by Emotional Design
|
최수신 Soo Shin Choi |
KJSES 11(4) 645-652, 2008 |
ABSTRACT
First question: What makes inclusive design truly inclusive? Most inclusive design products are far from being appealing to their intended customers. This is mainly because designers are typically concerned with enhancing the usability, and not the emotional value that creates the connection between the product and the users. Typical solutions are larger displays and larger buttons, and these solutions often make the product less tasteful, graceful, and favorable. As a result, such products become less inclusive, veering from the original intention of the designers. Emotional design is not about making fun products, but about enjoyable products. Positive emotional design increases the affection value in products that enable users to create emotional connection with products. With the emotional connection, the user can engage in learning about the product as well as enjoy using the product. This can also resolve most usability issues by increasing the attention level and decreasing boredom. When more people feel that a product is enjoyable, it becomes more inclusive. Second question: Can`t inclusive design have innovative value? Most inclusive design products are far from being innovative, and thus, they cannot create market opportunities. While emotional design approach increases value for users, innovative design approach creates value for the businesses. This will eventually promote development of inclusive products. This paper discusses the benefits of emotional design approach in inclusive design. It also argues how emotional design can help make inclusive design more innovative. Accompanied exemplar design process illustrates how emotional design contributes to inclusive design and how it leads to innovative products.
keyword : 포용적 디자인, 제품 혁신, 감성적 디자인, Inclusive Design, Innovation, Emotional Design
|
|
Full Text
|
| PDF
|
|
ㆍ
The Effects of Consumers` Psychological Responses to Product Design on Brand Image and Brand Equity
|
나광진 Kwang Jin Na , 권민택 Min Taek Kwon |
KJSES 11(4) 653-667, 2008 |
ABSTRACT
Despite of the importance of design, relatively little research has been conducted on consumers` behavioral responses to product design and especially, the empirical studies which are related to consumers` psychological responses to product design. Understanding of the relationship between the response to product design and brand image or brand equity is limited. This research investigated the effect of the design image which can be formed by the response to product design on brand image and equity in two kinds of product types (utilitarian and symbolic product). The result shows that the product design image has a strong effect on the brand image in both products. Design image of the product influences brand equity in the symbolic product. However, there was no significant effect of the product design image on brand equity in the utilitarian product. In addition, the research found that brand image has a strong effect on brand equity in both products.
keyword : 디자인 이미지, 브랜드 이미지, 브랜드 자산, design image, brand image, brand equity
|
|
Full Text
|
| PDF
|
|
|
|